Oil burner



April s, 1924. ,489,' 456v J. E. PEARSON OIL BURNER Filed oct. 5, 1922 INVENTOH 5. baoxaom www@ A TTOHN YS Patented Apr. 8, 1924.

UNITED STATES JOHN E. PEARSON, Oil' CHICAGO, IILINOIS.

OIL BURNER.

Application led October 5, 1922. Serial llo. 592,622-

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN E. PEAnsoN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Oil Burners, of

Yhich the following is a full, clear, and xact description.

My invention relates to improvements in oil burners, and more articularly to that type of oil burner whic is adapted to heat a furnace, and it consists in the combinations, constructions, and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of m invention is to provide an oil burner which is an improvement over that form of the device shown in my copending application for patent on oil burner, Serial No. 516,069, filed November 18, 1921,v in that it supplies oil to a plurality of burner nozzles, and also means for controlling the back ilow` of oil when one or more burnernozzles are shut oif.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device of the character described which operates noiselessly.

A further object of my invention is to 1 rovide a device of the type described which is simple in construction, consists of few moving parts, and is not likely to easily get out of order.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification, and the novel features of the invention will be particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

My inventionis illustrated in the accompan ng drawings, forming pant of this app ication, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of the device, a part thereof being shown in section,

Iigure 2 is a sidev elevation of the device, an

Figure 3 is a detail view of a portion of the device.

Figure 4 is a detail of the wiring.

In carrying out my invention, I provide a stand or support 1 which has a pedestal 2 integral therewith. On the pedestal 2, I mount a fan 3 which is preferably of the centrifugal type. The fan 3 has an inlet 4 and an outlet 5. The inlet 4 has two threaded openings 6 and 7 therein. A magnetically operated valve 8 is connected to the inlet at tHe'bpening 6 b means of a nipple 9. The bottom of t le valve S is connected to a needle valve or an-oil inlet valve 10, by means of threads 11. The valve 10 contains a chamber 11 and a needle 12, lthe latter being adjustable by means of a Vhandle 13. The valve 10 is connected to an oil supply 14 by means of threadsl 15. In alinement with the opening 6 an automatic air inlet valve 16 is connected to the valve I8 by means of a nipple 17. v

The automatic air inlet valve 16 comprises'a housing 18 having an opening 19 therein. I place a plungerl20 over the openf ing 19.y Integral with the plunger 2f) is a piston 21 which has a rod 22' slidably' disposed in an opening 23 of an adjusting screen 24. A compression springI 25 is disposed around the rod 22, one end of which rests upon the piston 21, while the other end abuts the base of the screw 24. The piston 21 is slidably disposed in a cylinder 26. The screw 24 can be adjusted so as to change the tension of the spring 25 against the piston 21.

The magnetically operated valve 8.0011- tains a plunger 27 having an annularfilange 28 integral with .its base. The flange 28 is disposed in one end of a spring 29., The other end of the spring 29 rests upon the shoulder of the needle valve 10, and in this manner the spring 29 tends to keep the valve closed. The plunger 27 vhas a rod 30 integral therewith. The rod 30 is slidably disposed in an opening 31. A bell crank lever 32 is pivotal y mounted between a pair of arms 33. An arm 34 of the bell crank lever 32 engages with the rod 30, whilean arm 35 is pivotally connected to a rod 36 which in turn is connected to a solenoid 36'. The purpose of the solenoid will be hereafter described.'

The outlet 5 vhas an openin A T connection 38 is conn to the opening by means of a nipple 39. An ad'ustable spring-pressed valve 40 is connecte to the T 38 by means of a nipple 41. The valve 40 is alsol connected to the opening 7 by means of a nipple42, thus forming a bypass from the outlet to the inlet. `A feed pipe 43 is connected to the T 38 and leads to a plurality of burner nozzles. Each burner nozzle is provided with a casing 45 which is disposed concentrically with respect to an adjustable air pi e 46; The end of the air pipe 46 is adap to restrict the opening 48 of the casing 45 vso as to control 37 therein.

the ow of oil passing through the-opening. The pipe 46 is provided with an annular groove 49 adjacent the outer end thereof which can be brought into registration with the opening 4S and thereby permit the oil in the casing 46 to pass through the opening. The groove 49 ,is curved so it will spray the oil as it passes through the openin. An electric motor 50 is operatively counected to the fan 3.

From the foregoing descri tion of the various parts of the device, t e operation thereof may be readily understood. I locate the support 1 in any convenient place adjacent to the furnace (not shown) and dispose the burner nozzles in the desired number of furnaces. I then regulate the valve 10 by means of a handle 13 so that'the oil in passing from the passage in the oil supply 14 into a chamber 11 is sprayed by the needle 12. When the device is desired to be operated, the electric motor 45 is started and the solenoid 35, which is in series therewith, is actuated so as to move the valve rod 30 downwardly against the tension of the spring 29 and to open the valve. The fan 3 which is now rotated by the motor 45, draws the oil from the pipe or oil supply 14 through the needle valve 10, the magnetically op-` erated valve 8, the inlet 4, and into the fan 3.

Herne it is mixedwith air and then forcedl Vwhich is now fully atomized, and which is also mixed with the proper amount of air, enters the casing 45 and passes through the opening 48. The groove 49 further aids in spraying the oil as it passes from the opening. An additional amount of air is also admittedl to the combustion chamber of the furnace by means of the pipe 46, and therefore complete combustion of the oil in the furnace is assured.

It is obvious that the device can su ply oil for a plurality of burners. If it is esirous to turn off one or more of the burner nozzles, it may be accomplished without clogging up the fan with the back ow of oil. Instead of the surplus oil running directly back into the fan, it is carried through the nipple 41,

` forced through the valve 40, and the nipple 42, back into the inlet 4. The surplus oil is drawn by the fan from the by-pass and used before any fresh oil can reach the fan, owing to the close proximity of the epd of the by-pass to the inlet 4.

The operation of the device lcan instantlyI stoppedv by merely cutting olf the supply of electricity to the motor 50. As soon as this is done, the solenoid 36 becomes deenergized and permits the spring 29 to instantly seat the valve 27.- It will therefore be seen that the oil from the pipe 14 is instantly checked and is prevented from entering the inlet 4. The suction of the fan 3 which continues to operate a certain length c of time after the source of current has been shut olf from the motor, will now draw air through the valve 16, but will not draw oil into the fan. Therefore by stopping the oil from entering the fan 3, I prevent the oil from hindering the free movement of the fan when the motor is again turned on.

The novel means for the noiseless operation of the device lies within the air inlet valve. The movement of the valve plunger is governed by the piston 21, the` cylinder 26, and the coil spring 25. Vhen a vane of the fan 3 passes the opening 4, it tends to draw in quickly a supply of air and in this manner the valve would ordinarily be lifted quickly. I obviate a quick upward move- -ment of the valve by disposing the piston 21 loosely Within the cylinder 26, there being just enough space between the outer wall of the piston and the inner Wall of the cylinder to allow air'to pass through slowly. When the air is sucked in quickly, the piston moves upward against the tension of the spring 25 and against the cushion of air which is in the c linder. The air therein can only escape s owly, whereby a slow upward movement of the piston is effected. After the fan arm passes the opening, the quick action stops and the valve would ordinarily tend to close quickl but due to the slow ow of air into the cy inder, the piston has a slow downward movement also.

The retarded movements of the piston 20 obviates any roaring or snoring sound that would otherwise be present in quick acting valves. This effect, as will be observedv is caused by the dashpot construction, as has been described above.

I claim:

1. The combination with a 'nozzle, of

means for delivering liquid fuel to said nozzle, a fan, said means comprising connections between the fan, the nozzle and a. source of liquid fuel supply, and an air valve for admitting air to the fuel prior to its entrance into the fan casing, said air valve having a spring and a dashpot for retarding the movement of the valve, whereby the chattering of the valve is obviated.

2. The combination with a nozzle, of means for delivering liquid fuel to said nozble, a fan, said means comprisinA connections between the fan, the nozz e and a nsource of liquid fuel su pl an air valvek for admitting airA to the gue prior to its entrance into the fan casing, said airvalve lli having a spring and a' dashpot for retarding the movement of the valve, whereby the chattering of the valve is obviated, and a by-pass around the fan for returning an excess amount of liquid fuel.

3. The combination with nozzle, of means for delivering liquid fuel to said nozzle, a fan, said means comprising connections between the fan, the nozzle and a source of liquid fuel supply, a check valve in said connections, anl air valve' for admitting airfan for forcing oil to said nozzle, a pipeconnecting said fan to said nozzle, a vsecond pipe in communication with said fan and with a source of oil supply, a by-pass communicating with said ,first named pipe, said by-pass communicating with said second named pipe' adjacent to said fan, whereby the oil returned through said by-pass will be fed into said fan before the new oil. f

5. An oil burner comprising a nozzle, -a fan, a pipe connecting said fan to. said nozzle, a needle valve in' communication with a source of oil supply, a check Valve in communication with said needle valve, means for actuating said check valve, fan actuating means in electrical connection with said check valve actuating means, a second pipe placing said fan in communication with said check valve, an airinlet valve in communication with said second namedpipe, a dashpot and spring for retarding the movement of said inlet valve, whereby the chattering of the valve is obviated, a by-pass in communication with said first and second named pipes, a spring pressed check valve valve.

JOHN E. PE'ARsoN. 

